Site Use
Considering how a building and site impact on each other, enhancing energy efficiency, comfort and convenience.
Wind effect/microclimate
As well as being affected by the local climate, many sites have their own microclimate. The site-specific microclimate – in particular, wind – should be considered when determining the location for the house.
Microclimate effects to consider include:
- ridges and valleys funnelling wind
- wind strength will be greater at or near a ridge
- there will be more wind close to a large expanse of open area such as a park or beach
- the building height will have an effect on wind speed.
Design considerations to minimise wind effects on site
On some sites, the best location for sun or spectacular views may also be the windiest location. When designing for a windy site:
- consider the direction of the prevailing, strongest or coldest wind – for example, in Wellington, 55–60% of wind is from the north-west (prevailing) and 45–50% is from the south (coldest), while easterly winds are uncommon
- provide shelter for outdoor living areas with fences, screens or using the building to create an enclosed courtyard
- position the rooms (such as living room and bedrooms) where wind noise would be least desirable on the lee side of the prevailing wind direction where possible
- position frequently used doors and opening windows away from the prevailing wind direction so that they can be left open even in very windy conditions.
- Designing for ventilation while moderating the effect of high winds
The effect of doors on opposite sides of a building, room or hallway should be considered. If they are both open at the same time, depending on prevailing wind directions, this may lead to doors slamming shut or items being blown around. If external doors are located on sheltered sides of the house, this is less likely to occur.